Publication: Are community-based forest enterprises in the tropics financially viable? Case studies from the Brazilian Amazon
Are community-based forest enterprises in the tropics financially viable? Case studies from the Brazilian Amazon
| dc.contributor.author | Humphries, S.S. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Holmes, T.P. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Kainer, K.A. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Koury, C.G.G. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Cruz, E. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Miranda Rocha, R. de | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-01-23T18:55:36Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-01-23T18:55:36Z | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://open.fsc.org/handle/resource/615 | |
| dc.title | Are community-based forest enterprises in the tropics financially viable? Case studies from the Brazilian Amazon | en |
| dcterms.abstract | Community-based forest management is an integral component of sustainable forest management and con- servation in the Brazilian Amazon, where it has been heavily subsidized for the last ten years. Yet knowledge of the financial viability and impact of community-based forest enterprises (CFEs) is lacking. This study eval- uates the profitability of three CFEs in the Brazilian Amazon: Ambé, an industrial-scale, upland forest opera- tion producing logs in a national forest, in Pará state; ACAF, a small-scale operation in flooded forests producing boards with a portable sawmill in Amazonas state; and Mamirauá, one of 30 CFEs in a reserve in Amazonas state producing logs and boards in flooded forests. Costs for each CFE were compiled by forest management activity and cost type. Annual total costs were calculated as the sum of fixed and variable costs and then subtracted from total revenue to obtain annual profit. The annual rate of return on investment was calculated by dividing profits by total costs. The Ambé and Mamirauá cases were profitable, demonstrat- ing rates of return of approximately 12% and 2%, respectively; the ACAF case was not profitable. This study illustrates the benefits of cost-sharing among CFEs, and the potential return for investments in small and large-scale community forestry. | en |
| dcterms.accessRights | Public | |
| dcterms.accessRights | Open access | |
| dcterms.bibliographicCitation | Humphries, S., Holmes, T.P., Kainer, K., Koury, C.G.G., Cruz, E. and de Miranda Rocha, R., 2012. Are community-based forest enterprises in the tropics financially viable? Case studies from the Brazilian Amazon. Ecological Economics, 77, pp.62-73 | en |
| dcterms.issued | 2012 | |
| dcterms.language | en | |
| dcterms.license | CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0 | en |
| dcterms.type | Journal Article | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| fsc.evidenceCategory | FSC impact-related | |
| fsc.focus.forestType | Natural Forest | |
| fsc.focus.forestZone | Tropical | |
| fsc.focus.sustainDimension | Economic | |
| fsc.focus.sustainDimension | Social | |
| fsc.focus.tenureManagement | Community | |
| fsc.focus.tenureOwnership | Community | |
| fsc.issue.economic | Benefits, motivations, reasons for certification | |
| fsc.issue.economic | Costs, obstacles, barriers to certification | |
| fsc.issue.social | Local communities | |
| fsc.issue.social | Indigenous peoples | |
| fsc.subject | Forests | |
| fsc.subject | Certification | |
| fsc.topic.economic | Price premium | |
| fsc.topic.economic | Income | |
| is.availability.fullText | Full text available | |
| is.contributor.funderType | Private funds (NGOs, companies, VSS self-funded etc) | |
| is.contributor.member | Forest Stewardship Council | |
| is.coverage.country | Brazil | |
| is.coverage.countryAlpha2 | BR | |
| is.coverage.geographicLevel | Region | |
| is.coverage.latitude | -14.235004 | |
| is.coverage.longitude | -51.92528 | |
| is.coverage.region | South America | |
| is.evaluation.collection | Case studies | |
| is.evaluation.collection | Focus groups | |
| is.evaluation.collection | Interviews with Workers | |
| is.evaluation.dataSource | Private company data | |
| is.evaluation.notes | Focus on computing financial viability of 3 cases of community-based forest management in Brazil. One of the cases was certified and in this case a price premium was observed (see relevant quote.) | |
| is.evaluation.quotes | "Finally, CFEs have difficulty staying informed of the market (marketprices and products demanded), and commonly small volumes, lowquality products, and isolation make it difficult to access markets thatpay higher prices for legal wood from managed sources. Some CFEshave sought to overcome these challenges through collaboration withother CFEs and/or companies, and participation in forest certificationsystems." | |
| is.evaluation.quotes | "Upland species commanded higher prices than floodedforest species across all value classes. Certification also positively affectedthe price ACAF received for its boards." | |
| is.evaluation.quotes | "Finally, certification, while it represents a significant cost, can helpCFEs obtain higher prices and access to the national market (as in thecase of ACAF)." | |
| is.evidenceSubType | Monitoring report - performance | |
| is.evidenceType | Monitoring report | |
| is.extent.pages | 62-73 | |
| is.extent.volume | 77 | |
| is.focus.products | Forestry products | |
| is.focus.sdg | SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities | |
| is.focus.sectors | Forestry | |
| is.focus.sustainDimension | Economic | |
| is.focus.sustainDimension | Social | |
| is.focus.sustainIssue | Rights of indigenous peoples and local communities | |
| is.focus.sustainLens | Ecosystem | |
| is.focus.sustainLens | Living Wage | |
| is.focus.sustainOutcome | Community development and infrastructure | |
| is.focus.systemElement | MandE outcomes and impacts | |
| is.focus.systemElement | MandE performance monitoring | |
| is.identifier.code | Impacts | |
| is.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.10.018 | |
| is.identifier.fscdoi | http://dx.doi.org/10.34800/fsc-international841 | |
| is.identifier.schemeName | Forest Stewardship Council | |
| is.identifier.schemeType | Voluntary Sustainability Standards | |
| is.item.reviewStatus | Peer reviewed | |
| is.journalName | Ecological Economics |