Browsing by Title
- 15 years of Forest Certification in the European Union. Are we doing things right? (2011) Type Journal ArticleForest certification is one of the most important issues that have entered the forest sector in the past 15 years. There are many detractors and supporters of this instrument, but merely looking at the number of hectares certified and products carrying the logo of certification, one cannot deny that certification has gained importance, year after year. The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of 15 years of forest certification in the EU forest-based sector, using the Delphi method. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the impact of certification in the EU forest- based sector is positive-neutral with respect to ecological aspects, positive-negative on the economic and positive- neutral on the social ones. However, its positive effect is limited, due to the fact that the changes needed for the certification are minor. An improvement in the information to both society and local people by the actors involved in forest certification could increase the positive impact on the sector.
- The 2008-2009 timber sector crisis in Africa and some lessons for the forest taxation regime (2010) Type Journal Article
- 25 years of criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management: How intergovernmental C & I processes have made a difference. (2018) Type Journal ArticleGrowing concern about forest degradation and loss, combined with the political impetus supplied by the Earth Summit in 1992, led to the establishment of eleven intergovernmental, regional, and international forest-related processes focused on the use of criteria and indicators (CandI) for sustainable forest management (SFM). Up to 171 countries have participated in these processes to apply CandI frameworks as a tool for data collection, monitoring, assessment, and reporting on SFM and on achieving various forest-related UN Sustainable Development Goals. Based on an expert survey and literature analysis we identify six interlinked impact domains of CandI efforts: (1) enhanced discourse and understanding of SFM; (2) shaped and focused engagement of science in SFM; (3) improved monitoring and reporting on SFM to facilitate transparency and evidence-based decision-making; (4) strengthened forest management practices; (5) facilitated assessment of progress towards SFM goals; and (6) improved forest-related dialog and communication. We conclude that the 25-year history of CandI work in forestry has had significant positive impacts, though challenges do remain for the implementation of CandI and progress towards SFM. The work should be continued and carried over to other sectors to advance sustainability goals more broadly.
- Aboriginal Peoples and Forest Certification: a Review of the Canadian Situation (2010) Type Journal ArticleWe assess how different certification standards address Aboriginal issues in Canada, augmenting current legislation related to Aboriginal issues. The benefits from forest certification and the obstacles to its adoption by the Aboriginal community are also reviewed. We conclude that it would take significant effort, time, and resources to achieve widespread Aboriginal adoption of forest certification.
- Accountability Arrangements in Non-State Standards Organizations: Instrumental Design and Imitation (2008) Type Journal Article
- Active restoration accelerates the carbon recovery of human-modified tropical forests (2020) Type Journal Article
- Advice Note on Cut-off date for transfer of national standards from P&C Version 4 to P&C version 5-2 Code: FSC-ADV-60-006-03 (2022-01-10) Type Advice Note (ADV)This Advice Note applies to national standards which are based on P&C V4 and have not been transferred to P&C V 5-2 (or higher).
- Advice Note on Cut-off date for transfer of national standards from P&C Version 4 to P&C version 5-2 Code: FSC-ADV-60-006-03 (2022-01-11) Type Advice Note (ADV)This Advice Note applies to national standards which are based on P&C V4 and have not been transferred to P&C V 5-2 (or higher).
- Advice Note on Incorporation of new International Generic Indicators introduced with FSC- STD-60-004 V2-0 into National Forest Stewardship Standards Advice Note (ADV) Code: FSC-ADV-60-006-01 EN Type Advice Note (ADV)This Advice Note applies to Standard Development Groups whose National Forest Stewardship Standards were approved or passed the stage of second public consultation before 1st July 2018, when FSC-STD-60-004 V2-0 was published.
- Advice Note on Incorporation of new International Generic Indicators introduced with FSC-STD-60-004 V2-0 into National Forest Stewardship Standards Code: FSC-ADV-60-006-01 EN Type Advice Note (ADV)This Advice Note applies to Standard Development Groups whose National Forest Stewardship Standards were approved or passed the stage of second public consultation before 1st July 2018, when FSC-STD-60-004 V2-0 was published.
- Advice Note on Incorporation of new International Generic Indicators introduced with FSC-STD-60-004 V2-0 into National Forest Stewardship Standards Code: FSC-ADV-60-006-01 Type Advice Note (ADV)This Advice Note applies to Standard Development Groups whose National Forest Stewardship Standards were approved or passed the stage of second public consultation before 1st July 2018, when FSC-STD-60-004 V2-0 was published.
- Advice Note on Incorporation of new International Generic Indicators introduced with FSC-STD-60-004 V2-0 into National Forest Stewardship Standards Code: FSC-ADV-60-006-01 EN Type Advice Note (ADV)This Advice Note applies to Standard Development Groups whose National Forest Stewardship Standards were approved or passed the stage of second public consultation before 1st July 2018, when FSC-STD-60-004 V2-0 was published.
- Advice Note on Incorporation of new or revised International Generic Indicators introduced in future versions of FSC-STD-60-004 into National Standard (National Forest Stewardship Standards and Interim National Standards) Code: FSC-ADV-60-006-02 (2022-01-10) Type Advice Note (ADV)This Advice Note applies to Standard Developers whose National and Regional Forest Stewardship Standards are not based on the latest version of IGI.
- Advice Note on Incorporation of new or revised International Generic Indicators introduced in future versions of FSC-STD-60-004 into National Standard (National Forest Stewardship Standards and Interim National Standards) Code: FSC-ADV-60-006-02 (2022-01-11) Type Advice Note (ADV)This Advice Note applies to Standard Developers whose National and Regional Forest Stewardship Standards are not based on the latest version of IGI.
- Advice Note on Stipulation of Controlled Wood Risk Designations by FSC International in case of Emergency Situations Code: FSC-ADV-60-002-01 (2022-03-08) Type Advice Note (ADV)
- Advice Note on Transaction Verification for FM/CoC Certificate Holders Code: FSC-ADV-60-004 Type Advice Note (ADV)FSC-STD-60-004 V2 International Generic Indicators (IGI) requires support to transaction verification and fibre testing. However, national standards based on the FSC Principles and Criteria V4 or the IGI V1-0 do not include these requirements. This advice note closes temporarily this regulatory gap until all national standards have been transferred to the FSC Principles and Criteria V5.
- African apes coexisting with logging: Comparing chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) and gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) resource needs and responses to forestry activities (2017) Type Journal ArticleThe extraction of timber often conflicts with the well-being and conservation of wildlife. In particular, there is a need to better understand the impact of tree removal under selective logging regimes on local ecological communities. We conducted ape nest counts along line transects before, during, and after logging to assess the impact of timber harvesting and associated activities on sympatric chimpanzees and gorillas in a forestry con- cession in northern Republic of Congo. We used generalized linear models to relate ape nest counts to a set of predictor variables, representing the impact of logging and controlled for variation in environmental conditions including food availability, habitat and rainfall. Commercial forest inventory data were used to assess the baseline influence of food availability and forest structure on ape distribution. Higher numbers of chimpanzees were found in proximity to their preferred tree foods, whereas gorillas were associated with more heterogeneous habitats. Chimpanzee nest encounter rates decreased with increasing intensity of human impacts. Gorillas also avoided areas with active timber exploitation and roads, but were attracted to recently logged areas with abundant terrestrial herbaceous vegetation. Species-specific responses were consistent with theoretical predic- tions of niche partitioning and cumulative human influence. Based on these findings, we provide re- commendations to improve existing guidelines and forest certification standards aimed at safeguarding ape populations.
- An agenda for assessing and improving conservation impacts of sustainability standards in tropical agriculture (2014) Type Journal Article
- Agricultural and forestry trade drives large share of tropical deforestation emissions (2019) Type Journal ArticleDeforestation, the second largest source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, is largely driven by expanding forestry and agriculture. However, despite agricultural expansion being increasingly driven by foreign demand, the links between deforestation and foreign demand for agricultural commodities have only been partially mapped. This study presents a pan-tropical quantification of carbon emissions from deforestation associated with the expansion of agriculture and forest plantations, and trace embodied emissions through global supply chains to consumers.